Mechanical Activation - As opposed to chemical etching process to expose the silicon particles from the · aluminum matrix, Kolbens

Mechanical Activation - As opposed to chemical etching process to expose the silicon particles from the aluminum matrix, Kolbenschmidt has patented a process by which the aluminum is removed mechanically using special honing stones. This results in silicon particles with rounded edges, rather than sharp ones, that reduce piston ring wear. The mechanical process is faster and more environmentally friendly than the chemical etching or method of exposure using lapping paste. Mezger Engine - Designed by Hans Mezger, the Mezger engine is commonly referred to the horizontally opposed flat six engine used by Porsche starting with the air-cooled 911 in 1965 and adapted to use water-cooling in the 1990s with the Porsche GT1. The Mezger engine was used in Turbo, GT2, and GT3 models up until the current 991 generation of engines. Mixed Lubrication - Refers to the lubrication regime between hydrodynamic and boundary lubrication. MMC - A metal matrix composite is a material typically comprised of a metal and often a ceramic or organic compound. MOFT - Minimum oil film thickness can be calculated using the Dowson-Higginson equation for when the load is highest, and the film is thinnest. Molybdenum - Mo, in the form of MoDTC friction modifier, is used as an extreme pressure additive that forms a protective film between surfaces in contact and reduces friction between those surfaces. Monolithic Casting - Alusil is an example of a monolithic hypereutectic Al-Si alloy engineered for sliding surface performance in aluminum engine blocks. Cylinder liners, liner inserts, or coating of sliding surfaces are not needed as the Alusil alloy with the silicon particles runs through and through the whole casting. Chemical or mechanical activation is required to expose the silicon particles prior to installation. Mullite - a rare, high performance ceramic material consisting of aluminum silicate. It is commonly used for selective reinforcement in MMC materials. Negative Crankcase Pressure - Many modern engines run with crankcases under vacuum, sometimes in combination with an air/oil separator, also referred to as an AOS, to separate crankcase windage consisting of air and oil mist. When coupled with low tension piston rings and near mirror finish bores to reduce frictional losses, running negative crankcase pressure improves ring seal and reduce windage and oil consumption. Nikasil - Invented and trademarked by Mahle in 1967, Nikasil is an electrodeposited lipophilic nickel matrix silicon carbide coating for engine components, mainly piston engine cylinder liners. It can also be applied to other surfaces providing an ultra-low wear and low friction. Nikasil is characterized as being oleophilic, providing excellent oil retention. It is typically applied to cylinder bores in a thickness of .004- .005”, allowing for excellent heat transfer away from cylinder bores when paired with aluminum cylinder liners. NOx - When a fuel source if burned at high heat, NOx emissions are generated from the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen gasses in the air during combustion. High NOx can also result from lean operation. NOx can be reduced by using EGR to recirculate part of the engine’s exhaust back into the cylinders as part of the intake charge. NSC - An electroplating consisting of nickel, silicon, and carbide, similar in appearance, function, and performance to Nikasil. OCI - Oil Change Interval. OIl change intervals are typically broken down into “normal” and “severe service.” Manufacturer intervals are for normal driving habits; severe duty requires more frequent service. LN Engineering Technical Library. Copyright ©2019 LN Engineering LLC